Stevens, Karen Lee. "Animal Testing Alternatives." 12 Dec 2006. http://www.allforanimals.com/alternatives1.htm
- There are NO laws that say companies have to test their products on animals before sending it to their customers
- The two main reasons for animal testing are: "the fear for human safety and the fear of product liability suits."
- "Revlon Cosmetics was one of the first large companies to fund research for alternatives with a $750,000 contribution to the Rockefeller University in 1979. Several organizations such as the John Hopkins Center for the Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), the International Foundation for Ethical Research, the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, and the Soap and Detergent Association followed suit and started their own programs to validate alternatives. Keep in mind that, while companies search for alternatives, animal use actually INCREASES because the old test (using animals) must be done alongside the new test (without animals) to ensure consistent results."
- The Most Common Alternatives are:"in-vitro tests, computer software, databases of tests already done (to avoid duplication), and even human "clinical trial" tests. Use of animal cells, organs, or tissue cultures is also deemed an alternative although, obviously, animal lives are sacrificed for the use of their parts. "
Tests
- Eytex- test tube procedure, mimics the cornea of the human eye: used by Avon
- Skintex- uses pumpkin rind as skin
- EpiPack- cloned human tissue
- Neutral Red Bioassay- cultured human cells used to test dye on skin
- Testskin- human skin grown in a sterile bag: measured skin irritancy
- TOPKAT- computer software "that measures toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratonogenicity (this method is used by the U.S. Army, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Food and Drug Administration)."
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